Global mortality rates are declining, but are rising among young people in some regions
According to the Global Burden of Disease study, and despite deep inequalities between countries, global life expectancy in 2023 was more than 20 years higher than in 1950. However, deaths among young people increased in some regions such as North America, Latin America—due mainly to suicide and drug use—and sub-Saharan Africa—mainly due to infectious diseases and injuries. Researchers also estimate that almost half of all deaths and disabilities could be prevented by modifying some of the main risk factors. The results are published in The Lancet and will be presented at the World Health Summit, being held in Berlin, Germany, from October 12 to 14.
Jesús Adrián - GBD 2023 (EN)
Jesús Adrián Álvarez
Actuary and Doctor of Public Health, Actuarial Manager at Ernst & Young (EY) in Denmark
The article provides a global view of health and mortality, highlighting persistent inequalities both across and within countries. Although not entirely new, the findings reaffirm the deep disparities in life expectancy and causes of death worldwide.
In Latin America, these contrasts are especially pronounced. Some nations now match European life expectancy levels, while others remain far behind. Chronic diseases —such as heart disease, stroke, and diabetes— dominate the health burden, reflecting the rise of non-communicable conditions.
Among Latin American men, high rates of homicide among young adults add a critical layer to this burden. This exposes a paradox: despite major investments in healthcare and social welfare, violence continues to erode the region’s life expectancy.
Lasting progress will depend on narrowing inequalitie, sustaining healthcare advances while addressing the social and structural roots of premature mortality.
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