Vaccination against human papillomavirus prevents cervical cancer, according to data from more than 130 million people

Two meta-analyses conducted by the Cochrane Collaboration confirm that vaccination against human papillomavirus (HPV) prevents cervical cancer. Both articles bring together the results of 60 clinical trials and 225 studies involving more than 130 million people worldwide. According to Cochrane's press release, the result “is strong and consistent evidence” that vaccines against this virus are effective in preventing cervical cancer and precancerous changes, especially when given to young people before they are exposed to the virus. The reviews also confirm that HPV vaccines usually cause only mild and temporary side effects, such as pain in the arm. 

24/11/2025 - 02:00 CET
Expert reactions

2025 11 24 África González-Fernández vacuna papiloma EN

África González-Fernández

Professor of Immunology at the University of Vigo, researcher at the Galicia Sur Research Institute (IIS-GS) and member of the RAFG

Science Media Centre Spain

This meta-analysis is of very high quality and demonstrates what we already know, but in a very compelling way, that the HPV vaccine prevents the development of cervical and genital cancer. It has compiled data from millions of people in a meta-analysis. The results are absolutely clear and indisputable regarding the usefulness of the HPV vaccine in preventing the development of genital cancers, comparing vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals.  

This suggests that both boys and girls should be vaccinated, and that this should be done before they become sexually active (before they come into contact with the HPV virus) for the vaccine to be most effective.  

Another very important aspect is how safe this vaccine is, with all the data collected indicating that there is no need to fear it. It has been administered for a long time, with very few side effects; the rumors that appeared when this vaccine first came out are not scientifically supported.  

This vaccine has been a real breakthrough in cancer prevention. The best thing we can do for cancer is to prevent it from developing in the first place, and in this case, we can do that with a very safe vaccine for cervical and genital cancers caused by the papillomavirus. The association between the papilloma virus and uterine cancer was made by researcher Harald zur Hausen, which earned him the Nobel Prize in 2008 and laid the foundation for the development of vaccines against several papilloma serotypes, those most frequently associated with genital cancer. Another preventive cancer vaccine is the hepatitis B virus vaccine, which prevents the development of liver cancer.

 

The author has not responded to our request to declare conflicts of interest
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Publications
Journal
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Publication date
Authors

Brugger et al.

Study types:
  • Research article
  • Peer reviewed
  • People
  • Meta-analysis
Journal
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Publication date
Authors

Henschke et al.

Study types:
  • Research article
  • Peer reviewed
  • People
  • Meta-analysis
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