Reacción a "Vaping among young people is associated with higher subsequent consumption of tobacco, marijuana or alcohol"

This research is a compilation of observational studies, each of which compares vaping users against non-users. As such, it can say that vaping users are more likely to engage in certain behaviours, but whether vaping is truly a cause of these behaviours is beyond the scope of the data. However, the associations demonstrated are both extensive in scope and strong in magnitude – it is clear that vaping users are at higher risk of many diseases than non-users. A causal explanation to the findings is both plausible and consistent with the evidence provided but such a finding can only be made conclusively by a randomized trial. Given that a large-scale long-term trial would be impractical and potentially unethical, it is likely that we will never have conclusive evidence demonstrating that vaping behaviour is a cause of health outcomes. Vaping users need to make decisions about their behaviour based on evidence that is inherently uncertain, but links vaping usage with a host of negative outcomes.