Dalila Gharbaoui
Political scientist and sociologist, Research Associate at the University of Canterbury
The International Court of Justice (ICJ) will issue a pivotal advisory opinion that will clarify countries’ legal responsibilities in tackling climate change and protect vulnerable communities globally, a vital step toward climate justice and equity. This decision was prompted by Vanuatu that pushed the United Nations to request this opinion, emphasizing the urgent need for climate justice for vulnerable countries threatened by rising sea levels and extreme weather events.
The ruling is expected to hold major polluters accountable and guide future climate litigation and policy. While not legally binding, it still has the potential to provide a basis for greater coherence, unify climate law and reshape national and international legislation. It also provides the historical opportunity to emphasize fairness for frontline communities—such as low-lying island nations—by empowering local voices and strengthening global climate action.
Despite ongoing questions about enforceability, this marks a significant development in climate law, with the potential to reshape both international and national legislation and carry far-reaching implications for governments, corporations, and communities worldwide. The outcomes could reshape how countries approach climate commitments, offering a crucial opportunity to drive meaningful progress in the race against time to address climate change, while ensuring that no one is left behind.